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Codebook for 'A Direct Test of Legislative Gatekeeping'
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Objects 'df_IA_bills', 'df_NE_bills', and 'df_WI_bills' (contained in 'ST20_LSQ_replication1.RData') 
	Tables containing information on bills and point estimates of status quos.

The tables contain all bills in Iowa from 2005-2016, in Nebraska from 2003-2016, and Wisconsin from 2003-2016, as well as the subset of 'votes' used in the estimation of models in each of the states. Variables indicate bill and motion IDs, the originating chamber, whether bills included in the sample received floor consideration or were enacted, reasons for excluding bills from the sample, bill authorship, bill author ideal points, and sets of status quo estimates estimated under different assumptions.

Object df_IA_bills:
 
1) 'RCID'

Unique ID for motion or bill version in estimation, augmented with bill IDs for bills not in estimation

2) 'RCID2'

Equal to RCID, except for original bill versions with multiple roll call votes in the estimation, as indicated by e.g., _01 and _02 in RCID. These are recoded to end in _0 to  indicate the (initial) bill version.

3) 'RCID3'

Equal to RCID2, except for non-zero bill versions, ending in _[1-9]. These are recoded to end in _0.

4) 'chamber'

Originating chamber:

H: House (lower chamber)
S: Senate (upper chamber)

5) 'session'

81: 2005-2006 biennium
82: 2007-2008 biennium
83: 2009-2010 biennium
84: 2011-2012 biennium
85: 2013-2014 biennium
86: 2015-2016 biennium

6) 'floor_stat_NEW'

0: bill in the sample and received no floor consideration
1: bill in the sample and received floor consideration
NA: not applicable/bill not in the sample

7) 'enac_stat_NEW'

0: bill in the sample and was enacted
1: bill in the sample and was not enacted
NA: not applicable/bill not in the sample

8) 'iname'

ID of bill author

9) 'iname1'

ID of bill author 1 if authored by two committee co-chairpersons

10) 'iname2'

ID of bill author 2 if authored by two committee co-chairpersons

11) 'ideal'

Ideal point estimate of bill author

12) 'ideal1' 

Ideal point estimate of bill author 1 if authored by two committee co-chairpersons

13) 'ideal2' 

Ideal point estimate of bill author 2 if authored by two committee co-chairpersons

14) 'reason_exc_res'

Excluded from sample because item is a resolution (hence no gubernatorial approval necessary)

15) 'reason_exc_sign'

Excluded from sample because 'vote' not sufficiently correlated with main dimension

16) 'reason_exc_sbFollowUpEst'

Excluded from sample because the identical follow up bill to this study bill has
an estimate that is included in the sample

17) 'reason_exc_duplicated'

Excluded from sample because of duplicate 'vote' on original bill version

18) 'reason_exc_nogov'

Excluded from sample because item is a joint resolution and no gubernatorial approval is necessary

19) 'reason_exc_budget'

Excluded from sample because item is budget bill that needs to pass

20) 'sq3_est'

Status quo estimates from voting model

21) 'sq2_co3'

Status quo estimates from cutpoint-proposal approach

22) 'sq3_est_adj3'

Status quo estimates from adjusted vote-based approach

23) 'sq4_ba3'

Sponsorship based status quo estimates

24) 'sq5_aug3'

Status quo estimates from cutpoint-proposal approach augmented with estimates from
adjusted vote-based approach.


N.B. in ST20_LSQ_replication_Appendix_H3_1.RData and ST20_LSQ_replication_Appendix_H3_2.RData, object df_IA_bills contains variable 'reason_exc_amendment' indicating which bills were excluded from the sample due to
ambiguous lobbying principal positions due to temporal proximity to successful amendments. 

---

Object df_NE_bills:

1) 'RCID'

Unique ID for motion or bill version in estimation, augmented with bill IDs for bills not in estimation

2) 'RCID2'

Equal to RCID, except for original bill versions with multiple roll call votes in the estimation, as indicated by e.g., _01 and _02 in RCID. These are recoded to end in _0 to  indicate the (initial) bill version. Enrollment and Review roll call votes on initial bill versions that were included in the estimation are also recoded to an ID which indicates session, bill, and the (initial) bill version.

3) 'RCID3'

Equal to RCID2, except for non-zero bill versions, ending in _[1-9]. These are recoded to end in _0.

4) 'chamber'

Originating chamber:

S: Senate (only chamber in Nebraska)

5) 'session'

098: 2003-2004 biennium
099: 2005-2006 biennium
100: 2007-2008 biennium
101: 2009-2010 biennium
102: 2011-2012 biennium
103: 2013-2014 biennium
104: 2015-2016 biennium

6) 'floor_stat_NEW'

0: bill in the sample and received no floor consideration
1: bill in the sample and received floor consideration
NA: not applicable/bill not in the sample

7) 'enac_stat_NEW'

0: bill in the sample and was enacted
1: bill in the sample and was not enacted
NA: not applicable/bill not in the sample

8) 'iname'

ID of bill author

9) 'ideal'

Ideal point estimate of bill author

10) 'reason_exc_sign'

Excluded from sample because 'vote' not sufficiently correlated with main dimension

11) 'reason_exc_dup'

Excluded from sample because of duplicate 'vote' on original bill version

12) 'reason_exc_budget'

Excluded from sample because item is budget bill that needs to pass

13) 'reason_exc_appr'

Excluded from sample because item is 'vote' on appropriation motion tied to bill in sample

14) 'nonzero_fp_cutpoint'

Cutpoint of final passage vote for bill without initial bill version item in the sample

15) 'sq3_est'

Status quo estimates from voting model

16) 'sq2_co3'

Status quo estimates from cutpoint-proposal approach

17) 'sq3_est_adj3'

Status quo estimates from adjusted vote-based approach

18) 'sq4_ba3'

Sponsorship based status quo estimates

19) 'sq5_aug3'

Status quo estimates from cutpoint-proposal approach augmented with estimates from
adjusted vote-based approach.

---

Object df_WI_bills:

1) 'RCID'

Unique ID for motion or bill version in estimation, augmented with bill IDs for bills not in estimation

2) 'RCID2'

Equal to RCID, except for original bill versions with multiple roll call votes in the estimation, as indicated by e.g., _01 and _02 in RCID. These are recoded to end in _0 to  indicate the (initial) bill version.

3) 'RCID3'

Equal to RCID2, except for non-zero bill versions, ending in _[1-9]. These are recoded to end in _0.

4) 'RCID4'

Equal to RCID3 except for final passage votes of bills that do not have sufficient cosponsors for the estimation, i.e., RCID3 format is WI[098-102][1-2]0[0-9][0-9][0-9])

5) 'chamber'

Originating chamber:

A: Assembly (lower chamber)
S: Senate (upper chamber)

6) 'session'

096: 2003-2004 biennium
097: 2005-2006 biennium
098: 2007-2008 biennium
099: 2009-2010 biennium
100: 2011-2012 biennium
101: 2013-2014 biennium
102: 2015-2016 biennium

7) 'floor_stat_NEW'

0: bill in the sample and received no floor consideration
1: bill in the sample and received floor consideration
NA: not applicable/bill not in the sample

8) 'enac_stat_NEW'

0: bill in the sample and was enacted
1: bill in the sample and was not enacted
NA: not applicable/bill not in the sample

9) 'iname'

ID of bill author

10) 'iname1'

ID of bill author 1 if authored by two committee co-chairpersons

11) 'iname2'

ID of bill author 2 if authored by two committee co-chairpersons

12) 'ideal'

Ideal point estimate of bill author

13) 'ideal1' 

Ideal point estimate of bill author 1 if authored by two committee co-chairpersons

14) 'ideal2' 

Ideal point estimate of bill author 2 if authored by two committee co-chairpersons

15) 'reason_exc_res'

Excluded from sample because item is a resolution (hence no gubernatorial approval necessary)

16) 'reason_exc_sign'

Excluded from sample because 'vote' not sufficiently correlated with main dimension

17) 'reason_exc_dup'

Excluded from sample because of duplicate 'vote' on original bill version

18) 'reason_exc_budget'

Excluded from sample because item is budget bill that needs to pass

19) 'sq3_est'

Status quo estimates from voting model

20) 'sq2_co3'

Status quo estimates from cutpoint-proposal approach

21) 'sq3_est_adj3'

Status quo estimates from adjusted vote-based approach

22) 'sq4_ba3'

Sponsorship based status quo estimates

23) 'sq5_aug3'

Status quo estimates from cutpoint-proposal approach augmented with estimates from
adjusted vote-based approach.

N.B. in ST20_LSQ_replication_Appendix_H3_1.RData and ST20_LSQ_replication_Appendix_H3_2.RData, object df_WI_bills contains variable 'reason_exc_amendment' indicating which bills were excluded from the sample due to
ambiguous lobbying principal positions due to temporal proximity to successful amendments. 

=================

Objects 'df_IA_bills2', 'df_NE_bills2', and 'df_WI_bills2' (contained in 'ST20_LSQ_replication_Appendix_G.RData') 
	Tables containing auxiliary data on bills and lobbied positions.


The tables contain all bills in Iowa from 2005-2016, in Nebraska from 2003-2016, and Wisconsin from 2003-2016, as well as the the subset of 'votes' used in the estimation of models in each of the states. Variables indicate bill and motion IDs, the originating chamber, the session, whether the bill received floor consideration, as well as how many unique lobbying principals lobbied on the bill and how many unique lobbying principals lobbied for or against. 

Object df_IA_bills2:

1) 'RCID'

Unique ID for motion or bill version in estimation, augmented with bill IDs for bills not in estimation

2) 'RCID2'

Equal to RCID, except for original bill versions with multiple roll call votes in the estimation, as indicated by e.g., _01 and _02 in RCID. These are recoded to end in _0 to  indicate the (initial) bill version.

3) 'RCID3'

Equal to RCID2, except for non-zero bill versions, ending in _[1-9]. These are recoded to end in _0.

4) 'chamber'

Originating chamber:

H: House (lower chamber)
S: Senate (upper chamber)

5) 'session'

81: 2005-2006 biennium
82: 2007-2008 biennium
83: 2009-2010 biennium
84: 2011-2012 biennium
85: 2013-2014 biennium
86: 2015-2016 biennium

6) 'floor_stat_NEW'

0: bill received no floor consideration
1: bill received floor consideration
NA: not applicable

7) 'any'

Number of unique lobbying principals making a lobbying declaration on a bill

8) 'posneg'

Number of unique lobbying principals lobbying for or against the bill


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Object df_NE_bills2:

1) 'RCID'

Unique ID for motion or bill version in estimation, augmented with bill IDs for bills not in estimation

2) 'RCID2'

Equal to RCID, except for original bill versions with multiple roll call votes in the estimation, as indicated by e.g., _01 and _02 in RCID. These are recoded to end in _0 to  indicate the (initial) bill version. Enrollment and Review roll call votes on initial bill versions that were included in the estimation are also recoded to an ID which indicates session, bill, and the (initial) bill version.

3) 'RCID3'

Equal to RCID2, except for non-zero bill versions, ending in _[1-9]. These are recoded to end in _0.

4) 'chamber'

Originating chamber:

S: Senate (only chamber in Nebraska)

5) 'session'

098: 2003-2004 biennium
099: 2005-2006 biennium
100: 2007-2008 biennium
101: 2009-2010 biennium
102: 2011-2012 biennium
103: 2013-2014 biennium
104: 2015-2016 biennium

6) 'floor_stat_NEW'

0: bill received no floor consideration
1: bill received floor consideration
NA: not applicable

7) 'any'

Number of unique lobbying principals making a lobbying declaration on a bill

8) 'posneg'

Number of unique lobbying principals lobbying for or against the bill


---

Object df_WI_bills2:

1) 'RCID'

Unique ID for motion or bill version in estimation, augmented with bill IDs for bills not in estimation

2) 'RCID2'

Equal to RCID, except for original bill versions with multiple roll call votes in the estimation, as indicated by e.g., _01 and _02 in RCID. These are recoded to end in _0 to  indicate the (initial) bill version.

3) 'RCID3'

Equal to RCID2, except for non-zero bill versions, ending in _[1-9]. These are recoded to end in _0.

4) 'RCID4'

Equal to RCID3 except for final passage votes of bills that do not have sufficient cosponsors for the estimation, i.e., RCID3 format is WI[098-102][1-2]0[0-9][0-9][0-9])

5) 'chamber'

Originating chamber:

A: Assembly (lower chamber)
S: Senate (upper chamber)

6) 'session'

096: 2003-2004 biennium
097: 2005-2006 biennium
098: 2007-2008 biennium
099: 2009-2010 biennium
100: 2011-2012 biennium
101: 2013-2014 biennium
102: 2015-2016 biennium

7) 'floor_stat_NEW'

0: bill received no floor consideration
1: bill received floor consideration
NA: not applicable

8) 'any'

Number of unique lobbying principals making a lobbying declaration on a bill

9) 'posneg'

Number of unique lobbying principals lobbying for or against the bill


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Objects 'i_id16', 'n_id16', and 'w_id16' contain ideal point estimates from the joint estimations, common space CFscores (Bonica 2015), and lobbying principal type codings based on an extension and update of Thieme (2019).

1) 'name'

2) 'ideal'

Ideal point from joint model of voting and cosponsorship

3) 'bonica2_cid_most_co_overall'

Contributor ID ('') of linked observation with either estimated or projected CFscore ('is.projected') and the greatest number of distinct contributions ('num.distinct')

4) 'bonica2_cf_most_co_overall'

Contributor CFscore ('contributor.cfscore') of linked observation with either estimated or projected CFscore ('is.projected') and the greatest number of distinct contributions ('num.distinct')

5) 'bonica2_nd_most_overall'

Number of distinct contributions ('num.distinct') of linked observation with either estimated or projected CFscore ('is.projected') and the highest amount of total contributions from 2003 through 2014

6) 'corp_trade'

0: no trade association, for-profit corporation 
1: for-profit corporation or law/lobbyist firm
2: trade association

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References
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Bonica, Adam. 2015. "Database on ideology, money in politics, and elections (DIME)." https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/O5PX0B, Harvard Dataverse, V3.

Thieme, Sebastian, 2019, "Replication Data for: Moderation or Strategy? Political Giving by Corporations and Trade Groups," https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/DQCFUN/6CP8MB, Harvard Dataverse, V1.